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MSAs, IRAs, and Interest Only Mortgages
Interest only products and the mortgage market don’t seem
like they would have anything to do with an MSA, SEP or an
IRA; but they can, and sometimes it’s to your advantage if
they do. First, let’s explain what an MRA and IRA are, and
how you can use them to your benefit. While offering the explanation,
we’ll look at how they can be used in conjunction with interest
only mortgages as a benefit to the consumer.
An MSA, or medical savings account is a tax-deferred way to save money, especially
if you are self-employed, and do not have a 401k or medical insurance. The
medical savings account gives you a tool for taking a deduction straight off
your bottom line, thereby reducing the amount of tax you owe. The mortgage
interest portion of your mortgage only provides a tax deduction in the form
of an itemized deduction, and it is limited to a certain percentage of your
income. Refinancing, or first-time financing of your mortgage with an interest
only mortgage, can be used to pull more of the equity out of your home, or
save money on mortgage payments that can be used to fund an MSA account. The
biggest drawback to this kind of savings is the penalty you pay if the money
is not withdrawn for its intended purpose, paying for medical expense. If you
find yourself in a situation where you must have the money, and it’s not for
medical expenses, you can pay up to 10% in penalties.
The IRA or individual retirement account works on the same premise as an MSA.
The IRA is intended to give the consumer a way to save for retirement, when
there is not a retirement plan where they work or they’re self employed. The
interest only mortgage can be used in the same way as was explained above,
and with the same restrictions. The IRA account is supposed to be used by the
consumer as a tool for retirement savings; if the money must be withdrawn prior
to reaching a certain age, there is often a 10% penalty to be paid on early
withdrawal.
The SEP is the equivalent of the 401(k) for the self-employed individual. How
does the SEP work? Basically, you as a self-employed individual can allocate
up to $20k each year to be put into an SEP, or self-employed pension. The money
is treated as tax deferred income, and it comes directly off your AGI, just
as if you participated in a 401(k).
As you can see, the MSA, IRA, or SEP offer the consumer direct one-to-one savings
by reducing their AGI, or the amount of income for which they are going to
incur a tax liability. The mortgage interest portion of their itemized deductions
is not a dollar for dollar reduction; it is limited to a percentage of your
AGI. But what if you could find a way to benefit from both deductions? Would
that not create a more beneficial tax and savings situation for the homeowner?
Quite possibly, and the only way to assess your real savings is to sit down
with a financial analyst and look at your individual situation.
The only way to really benefit from this possible scenario,
however, is to make sure that you have ample savings from
the interest only mortgage payment
versus the traditional payment, to justify making such a move, and that the
money will actually make it to a tax-deferred savings account.
What is the potential savings for the consumer? Well, imagine the following
situation: self-employed taxpayer wants to buy a home. He has $10,000 available
in cash to either put down on the house, or put into an SEP; his tax liability
without the SEP will be $8,000. With the $10,000 SEP, he would receive a
refund of $600.00. He can only afford to make mortgage payments of $600;
the house
he’s chosen financed with a fixed rate mortgage would be $826 each month.
Using the interest only mortgage option, his monthly payment for the next
5 years
is only $488 and the mortgage product does not require a down payment. It
frees up the $10k to be put into the SEP and the taxpayer benefit will also
include
deductible mortgage interest. As you can see, with this illustration, financial
planning and fully utilizing your options can make a tremendous amount of
difference in your life.
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Short-Term
Homeowners and Interest Only Loans
Let’s assume that you’re one of the new age consumers, who fit into the fastest
growing segment of the mortgage market today, the interest only mortgage.
It is time to you to secure a mortgage, and there are several loan options
that can be tied to the features you desire; you're particularly interested
in the interest only feature that seems so appealing to many consumers today.
But have you stopped to question why the interest only feature has become
so popular with consumers today? Are you aware that it is a re-born feature
laid to rest in the great depression of the 20s?
Have you stopped to examine the purpose of the interest only loan and what
purpose it will serve in your particular situation? The original intent of
the interest only mortgage was to make home ownership more appealing to young
couple; not every prospective buyer, however, is a young person looking to
buy home. Careful evaluation of your situation and the interest only mortgage
must be performed in order to secure the best mortgage possible.
Let's take a look at the original intent of the interest only mortgage, and
the greatest benefactor in the interest only mortgage segment: the short term
homeowner. The idea behind the interest only mortgage product was to give the
short-term homeowner a race in the buy home, with or down payment requirements
associated with the standard mortgage. This idea worked so well, that now almost
every kind of homeowner is exercising their interest only mortgage option.
As it was only ever really intended to benefit the short term homeowner, the
interest only mortgage product is currently used as a means to buy “more home
for less money”.
The appeal to the short term homeowner segment of the market was a way to grow
the housing industry, since this particular type of buyer, normally only rented.
In most short-term home ownership, situations, the buyers are young professionals
in the beginning years of their career, who have tremendous potential, and
almost always a guarantee of purchase from their company should their home
remain unsold after one year on the open market. As you can see, the consumer
who was initially targeted for this type of loan would truly see a benefit
from the interest only mortgage product. Today, however, the consumer actually
applying for the interest only mortgage product is a consumer who seems to
be spending beyond their income means.
What we have discovered, with today's consumer there is an overwhelming tendency
to purchase more home than can possibly be afforded; the reasoning behind such
a purchase? Since the term of the interest only segment of the loan will normally
run three to five years, many homeowners are borrowing based on “anticipated
earnings”. Quite often, the anticipated earnings never materialize, and at
the end of a five year interest only term, the homeowner is left with a much
higher mortgage payment minus the increased earnings.
As with many other modern-day products packaged and sold to the consumer, it
sometimes is not always the wisest choice, the best buy, or the greatest benefit
to simply follow suit; sometimes, educating yourself as a consumer is a much
better, and a much more affordable choice.
The long-term, homeowner purchasing to procure a safe haven from which he or
she can retire and be assured of a decent home, is not a benefactor, nor suggested
candidate for the interest only mortgage product; however, in the attempt to
grow this product into a larger share of the mortgage market, many interest
only loans have been advertised as ways to pay off credit card debt, avoid
a down payment, and create greater tax savings at the end of the year. None
of these reasons, within itself would be a “good” reason to purchase an interest
only mortgage product.
Many of the local lending institutions, especially the banking industry, have
shied away from the open arms welcome that the interest only product received
in the mortgage company circle, simply because the loans are a riskier prospect,
and many times consumers aren’t as educated about the choices they are making.
When you misuse a product, you begin to run into problems, and create a potentially
dangerous market situation.
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What is a Home Mortgage?
Although this is a pretty straightforward question, how many
individuals do you know that ever take the time to ask, and
receive an answer? Not very many. More often than not, the
question of a home mortgage isn't pondered until there is a
desire to purchase a home. For the purpose of this article,
we're simply going to examine the home mortgage, and the variations
that exist in the mortgage market today.
A home mortgage is a loan furnished by lending institution to a buyer for the
purpose of procuring residential property, are a home of which to live. It's
that simple, the definition is that simple; the actual process is anything
but simple. How do you approach mortgage lenders and what information what
you need to furnish?
Mortgage lenders today, thanks to all the federal regulation, default rates,
and identity theft in existence require more information than ever before.
The mortgage application is sometimes a 10 to 15 page application that will
ask questions pertaining to your life years prior. Why does the mortgage company
want history? The lender simply needs previous addresses, previous jobs, and
previous education to gain greater insight and opportunity to know the borrower.
It is not entirely impossible to steal someone's identity, gain access to their
current information, even from three to five years prior. What is impossible
is to enter the mind of the individual and gain access to relevant work history
or education history.
Generally, when you complete a mortgage application there's also a mortgage
application fee charged at the time you submit the application; why do the
mortgage lending institutions charge an application fee? Mortgage companies
charge a fee because it cost money to process application, and only serious
applicant’s warrant the time and expense.
What other information will be necessary to furnish when completing the mortgage
application? Generally a personal financial statement, the proposed mortgage
amount, and any legal judgments against you such as bankruptcies, tax liens,
or federal student loans will be requested at the time of application submission.
Now, what have the mortgage products are available to the mortgage borrower?
The most often used mortgage product is the fixed rate mortgage; the next in
line would be the adjustable rate mortgage, and the newest member of mortgage
products would be the interest only loan. The interest only loan is gaining
in popularity at an ever increasing and phenomenal rate of growth. The fixed
rate mortgage provides the borrower with a fixed interest rate for a specified
number of years, generally 10, 15, or 20 years as a set monthly payment. The
adjustable rate mortgage is exactly as it sounds; the interest rate for this
type of mortgage is adjusted at set intervals generally no less than six months
no more than 12 and the amount of the monthly payment will vary according to
the adjusted interest rate. The interest only loan is quite frankly, the least
consumer friendly of the three and today the most popular of the three. When
you take at an interest only loan, you may payment of only interest for a specified
number of months or years on a loan that has been amortized for a greater number
of years, usually 20, and at the end of the interest only term, your payments
will reflect interest and principal payment. It's at this juncture that many
homeowners cannot afford the interest and principal payment. That's why this
mortgage product is the least consumer friendly; it does however make the most
profitable lending institution.
I believe you should now have a much clearer picture as to what a mortgage
is, why you complete a mortgage application, and the basic mortgage products
available. If you are considering the purchase of a home, please take a moment
to visit a local lending institution, a local realtor, and the web site of
the Housing and Urban Development Department. You, as a potential homeowner
can never obtain too much information.
What are other resources that can be accessed to learn about the mortgage process
and your available options? Get online, check out the advertised lending companies
there; look at the information they ask for, the products they offer, and then
do some comparison shopping. Often, you will learn as much about what you don’t
want, as what you do want.
Interest Only and Credit Card Debt
Well, here is an example of the system that isn’t functioning
as intended: a mortgage loan that encourages paying off one
debt, in order to overspend ourselves with another debt. The
interest only mortgage and the credit card debt. As a borrowing
nation, I believe we’ve reached new levels.
It would seem that in this century we’ve managed to take every
form of credit possible, extend it to the limit, and then look
at them as if to say, “You mean you can’t pay?” What do these
loan and credit companies think they’re going to be facing,
when the amount of credit and mortgage they’re willing to extend,
reaches beyond the acceptable debt to income ratio? Why do
they think these limits were established in the first place?
More consumers than ever before owe massive credit card debt. It’s the way
to go, many college campus’ are overrun with representatives from the major
credit card companies, eager to extend credit to the young hands of the college
student. Are they as ready to work with them when they can’t pay? No. What
about the rest of the crazed, spending public? How do they handle their credit
cards? Well, thanks to the interest only mortgage, we can now pay off credit
card debt we can’t afford, with a mortgage we can’t afford. Now, that’s progressive
thinking.
The interest only mortgage is now a tool for replacing non-deductible over
extended debt, with tax deductible over extended debt, and consumers continue
to be the ones to pay. This is not a wise option, if you’re already spending
more than your budget will allow, how about cutting back? Did that ever occur
to the mortgage company? No, because they don’t make any money if you learn
to spend less.
As a fellow consumer, each of us should take the time to question our spending
habits. Is it wise or necessary? If the answer to either question is no, then
don’t spend. You don’t want to have to make the decision between over the limit
spending, and a nice, warm bed, do you?
Okay, now here’s an interesting spin on an already risky product, let’s give
the bad credit crowd a chance to make an even worse decision, and finance a
home they can’t really afford and obviously will have trouble making on time
or dependable payments so they can payoff credit card debt, only to charge
it up again!
Sometimes, the products and situations that you see in the everyday world of
researching these loans, is truly amazing and this is one of those situations.
There are actually mortgage companies that advertise these interest only mortgage
options for the consumer with the bad credit record to pay off any outstanding
credit card debt!
Now, what I’d like to know is why the mortgage company, in all good faith,
would want to take a risk such as this. It’s risky financing for consumers
with bad credit, when you’re financing with good solid collateral, well within
their means to pay. You take the consumer and the mortgage loan outside those
realms of operation, and you’re just simply asking for a problem.
Maybe we should have an agency that’s known as the “mortgage police” and when
there’s a clear and evident violation of just good sound common sense, a whistle
blows, the computer locks up, and in walks the mortgage police. I truly believe
the consumer, if not the mortgage company would be a lot better off; especially
when the consumer has time to really absorb the basic facts about interest
only mortgage, and the mess they can make of their finances; in the case of
the bad credit consumer, the further mess they can make of their finances.
With all the government control that regulates the mortgage loan industry,
and all the statistics that are published about the consumer with a bad credit
rating, who do you suppose thought it would be a good idea to give them an
interest only mortgage, that they more than likely will have further trouble
paying? You wonder if Alan Greenspan is aware of this situation, and if he
takes it into consideration when raising the prime interest rate? Do you suppose
there’s a number factor for the “really going to default on these loans” segment
of his equation that determines our prime lending rate?
Let’s hope Alan uses more foresight and plain good business sense than our
mortgage loan brokers, especially the ones that came up with this genius idea!
Interest
Only Mortgages and the LIBOR, What is it?
What is LIBOR and why would we want to use a LIBOR? How does
LIBOR tie into interest only mortgages? These are really good
questions. I myself until recently had no idea what a LIBOR
was or is, or if I wanted to use one. I am a little more educated
now, and still don’t know if I want to use LIBOR.
LIBOR is the London Inter Bank Offered Rate. In a more useful definition, it
is the interest rate offered by a specific group of London Banks for U.S. deposits
with a stated maturity date. It compares to the CD rate that your local bank
would offer to you.
The important connection to make here is the role the LIBOR plays in interest
only mortgages. As more and more of our mortgage loan market turns to this
type of loan product, we will begin to hear more about LIBOR and the many uses
and influences in our day to day life.
The LIBOR has traditionally been a tool for the commercial lender and affected
more of the commercial market than the private sector. As the private market
moves into a bigger risk sector than ever before, the LIBOR will loom as a
larger figure in the ratio used to determine the interest to risk factor that
your local banker, mortgage company, or finance company will assume. The interest
only mortgage option is a bit riskier than the traditional mortgage products,
in that it requires little or no down payment, and over the course of the mortgage,
the interest is the only initial monies collected. That means at the end of
the term, say 5 years for most, the buyer still owes the same amount of principal.
Risky business, this interest only loan. This is where LIBOR begins to play
a bigger picture. Commercial loans, primarily an investment tool, have traditionally
been considered the bigger risk, since these loans weren’t providing housing
for the borrower. But today, the private borrower is investing no more than
a commercial borrower; in fact many times, even less. These new age borrowers
aren’t really that committed to these homes, either. Most are using the interest
only option as an investment tool, or a way to buy bigger than traditionally
possible, or as a way to fund a professional lifestyle with a starting salary
and an expected temporary stay. Either option means a bigger risk for the lender;
LIBOR helps to set risk percentages and provide stable financing options for
the lender.
The commercial interest only LIBOR mortgages are for commercial borrowers.
These borrowers are investing in residential unit complexes. In other words,
they’re borrowing to buy apartment complexes, not individual homes; nonetheless,
they too are being offered the interest only options and the interest rate
for these commercial interest mortgages is set by the LIBOR rate plus a certain
percentage above.
It is for these commercial investors that the interest only loan options should
be used. The borrowers are business people, with business plans, and enough
knowledge about the workings of commercial and mortgage loans, to understand
a good investment versus an impossible dream. The commercial mortgage industry
is a huge market, and since most of the monies borrowed exceed the $100,000.00
limit, LIBOR rates are used for determining the commercial loan rates.
I still am not an advocate of the interest only mortgages; but for some situations
they are the best option. In a business setting, when many factors have been
thoroughly discussed and the interest only option has proven itself to be the
best choice, I think it should be used. This option, however, should remain
as the knowledge of LIBOR is among the masses, virtually unknown.
So, as you begin your trek into the mortgage market, be prepared to hear more
and more about the interest only loan options, and more and more about the
role LIBOR plays in this expanding market.
Interest Only Mortgages and the Young Professional
Here is one of the successful candidates for the interest
only mortgage. The young professional that is eager to get
out into the home ownership market. He or she is equipped with
some level of mortgage product comprehension, and a guarantee
of increasing income.
Today’s mortgage market has seen a tremendous growth in mortgage
packages, variety and borrowing levels. The interest only mortgage
option, once thought to have gone the way of the Edsel automobile,
is back today and in use by the masses; in fact the mortgage
market has seen an increase in the interest only mortgages
from just a mere sliver of the market a few years ago, to around
23% of the market share currently. That’s huge growth, especially
in the mortgage industry in less than 5 years.
Who will benefit most from this type of mortgage loan product?
What type of consumer is it that would want an interest only
mortgage? Well, you will get several answers, but only one
or two will be correct. The really smart and savvy borrower,
with clearly established goals and objectives that include
the interest only option, the young couple that are moving
up the corporate ladder and won’t be in the area over three
years, and then there’s the most often sited consumer: This
consumer is buying a home with a fairly limited budget and
wants as much home as they can possibly buy. They generally
fit into the category of the couple with children, who need
room and who plan to be homeowners at that location for a while.
The other particularly successful candidate for these types
of loans are the young real estate investors, who are profit
creators, and won’t retain the property long enough to warrant
making a large capital investment.
As you examine the young professional, his or her situation is conducive to
minimal investment requirement. He or she won’t be in this job position or
this home over 5 years, and the most likely, the company is willing to include
a buy back clause in the employment contract; how can you lose? All the right
elements are in place for this to be a great marriage of needs and wants being
satisfied with one package. In cases such as this, the interest only mortgage
option is a great route to take.
What about the young couple with the growing family? Are they the right candidates
for such a purchase? Most often, the answer would be yes. They’re budgets are
limited, for the present, and their family is outgrowing the present home.
Especially if one of the spouses holds a professional degree, they should have
no trouble growing into a larger mortgage payment within a few years. The interest
only option gives individuals 3 to 5 years to achieve an income increase, then
the principal and interest payment level kicks in, but their income will then
support a higher payment.
The real estate investors, commercial developers, land brokers, and any other
investor that operates within this realm of business, is a potentially successful
candidate for the interest only option. This person, or business group, doesn’t
intend to retain the property long enough for there to be a need for capital
investment. They need the capital free to make the changes, required planned
construction, or to advertise the property for sale.
These are the potentially successfully and beneficial relationships that exist
with the interest only option. Are these the only individuals who secure interest
only mortgages? Definitely not. Regardless of the pros or cons to the interest
only mortgage, and regardless of the original intent, many of the consumers
securing these interest only mortgages are doing so in order to lower monthly
payments, to buy more house for less money, and even to divert income to tax-deferred
savings. Some will be successful some will simply wind up paying on their home
for most of their life.
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Interest Only Mortgages
for the Wealthy Investor
It is for these types of investors that the interest
only mortgage options should be used. The borrowers
are business people, with business plans, and enough
knowledge about the workings of commercial and mortgage
loans, to understand a good investment from a bad. The
commercial mortgage industry is a huge market, and since
most of the monies borrowed exceed the $100,000.00 amount,
the international bank rates, or LIBOR, are used for
determining the commercial mortgage rates.
Wealthy investor usually means successful investor.
These investors are very educated in the investment
process, be it real estate or stocks, they understand
the risks they’re taking, and how to maximize the risk
for the profit. The real estate investor and the interest
only mortgage are a perfect pairing. The real estate
investor looking to retain an investment for short term
can really benefit from the lowered capital investment
of the principal payment. Especially in a situation
where the investor is improving the property and the
value is certain to increase.
Many of the consumers, who are being offered these interest
only loans, are not business people; they’re not wealthy
investors looking for a way to invest excess capital.
They’re simply consumers looking for a place to live.
The investor normally has an investment analyst at his
or her disposal, with tools and resources that can determine
a good investment, the risk involved, and measure it
against the amount of risk the investor is willing to
take. All these factors go into determining if an investment
is a buy or sell. This particular borrower fully understands
the risks involved in an interest only mortgage, and
has spent the time needed to determine if the product
is right for his investment needs. The real estate investor
is a business person, not a consumer borrowing to pay
for a place to live
When you compare this with the consumer buy or sell,
you’re not even comparing apples to apples.
Some investment opportunities for the wealth-building
investor will at some point require an additional amount
of monies to turn the investment into a profitable situation;
do you suppose the average consumer has another ten
or fifteen thousand dollars at their disposal, in case
the interest only option should become a problem, or
they’re home should need unexpected repairs, in order
to remain at the purchase value? Most likely, the answer
here would be no.
The short-term real estate investor or developer wants
to keep his or her expenditures at a minimum during
this investment period, saving as much of the expendable
cash as possible for the actual renovation or preparation
for sale of the property itself.
The less money spent on mortgage payments, or in the
investor’s eyes, investment expense, the more money
there is to actively and aggressively pursue potential
buyers and increase the value of the property. This
is good business, and good business is based on sound
business decisions.
It is here that every consumer needs to stop and reevaluate
their borrowing situation against that of the investor.
The wealth-building investor is a business person. Their
livelihood depends on their knowledge of the product
they market, in this case real estate. Normally, a business
person is not going to take a risk with their personal
investments; not like the risks they will take with
a business investment. Why? Because the home they share
with their family is much more important than a business
deal, most are not willing to risk losing their home.
I still am not an advocate of the interest only mortgages,
but for some situations they are the best option. In
a business setting, when many factors have been thoroughly
discussed, and the interest only option has proven itself
to be the best choice, I think the interest only mortgage
should be used. But this option should remain as the
knowledge of LIBOR is among the masses, virtually unknown.
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Interest
Only Mortgages: A Risky Real Estate Move?
Well, let’s examine this information, one piece
at a time. The first piece to examine is the basis
for the desired interest only mortgage product.
What type of investor is looking for the interest
only mortgage? Many of your real estate investors
are business people, looking for a way to maximize
their profit, while minimizing their capital investment.
It is for these investors that the interest only
mortgage options should be used. The borrowers
are business people, with business plans, and
enough knowledge about the workings of commercial
and mortgage loans, to understand a good investment
from a bad one. The commercial mortgage industry
is a huge market and the interest only mortgage
product serves this market segment well.
Today, however, we live in a society that encourages
instant gratification, and the concept of me,
me, and me. In this society of self, this new
player has emerged, the interest only mortgage,
and he’s a big hit with those self-gratifiers.
The interest only mortgage allows a buyer to purchase
more for less. More house for less money is the
concept being used to sell this interest only
product to the average consumer, and I don’t think
impulse buying is a good thing when it comes to
your mortgage. An interest only mortgage cannot
serve a good purpose, except for the right consumers
under the right circumstances. Those circumstances
are few, and the average consumer doesn’t fit
into the category most of the time.
The interest only mortgage is not a risky move,
if you’re business oriented, with a business purpose,
beyond that of living above your financial means.
I still am not an advocate of the interest only
mortgage, but for some situations they are the
best option. In a business setting, when many
factors have been thoroughly discussed, and the
interest only option has proven itself to be the
best choice, I think the interest only mortgage
should be used. But this option should remain
as the knowledge of many other financial options
among the masses, virtually unknown.
A tool being used by many commercial lenders to
offset the risk involved with the commercial interest
only mortgages is known as LIBOR. The LIBOR has
traditionally affected more of the commercial
market than the private sector. As the private
market moves into a bigger risk sector than ever
before, the LIBOR will loom as a larger figure
in the ratio used to determine the interest to
risk factor that your local banker, mortgage company,
or finance company will assume. The interest only
mortgage option is a bit riskier than the traditional
mortgage products, in that it requires little
or no down payment, and over the course of the
mortgage, the interest is the only initial monies
collected. That means at the end of the term,
say 5 years for most, the buyer still owes the
same amount of principal. This is where LIBOR
begins to play a bigger picture. Commercial loans,
primarily an investment tool, have traditionally
been considered the bigger risk, since these loans
weren’t providing housing for the borrower. These
new age borrowers aren’t really that committed
to these homes, either. Most are using the interest
only option as an economical and inexpensive way
to fund their ability to turn a profit with little
or no investment. Each option means a bigger risk
for the lender; and LIBOR helps to set risk percentages
and provide stable financing options for the lender.
The commercial interest only LIBOR mortgages are
for commercial borrowers. These borrowers are
investing in residential unit complexes. In other
words, they’re borrowing to buy apartment complexes,
not individual homes; nonetheless, they too are
being offered the interest only options and the
interest rate for these commercial interest mortgages
is set by the LIBOR rate plus a certain percentage
above.
It is for these commercial investors that the
interest only loan options should be used. The
borrowers are business people, with business plans,
and enough knowledge about the workings of commercial
mortgage loans, to understand a good investment
versus an impossible dream.
Is the 20% Down Requirement Still Alive?
Today more than ever, a generation of homeowners
will increase their debt to equity ratio by more
than 30%; what has happened to increase the debt
and decrease the equity? Many of the mortgage
loan products available today do not require a
down payment. Until recently, if you were interested
in buying a home, you were required to put 20%
percent down and finance the balance. Now, prospective
homeowners are allowed to borrow up to 125% of
the home value! This equates to a negative investment.
How did we get here?
Imagine this scenario: as you graduate and are
ready to exit the college campus, you get married,
and now you’re ready to move into that first home.
Do you have any money to put down on the home?
No. Are you required to have any money to put
down the home? No. At this point, brake lights
should come on at the mortgage company; today
however many mortgage companies are accelerating
not stopping. Never before has there been a time
when a consumer could walk a mortgage company,
declare they have no money put down, and walk
away with a huge mortgage.
The interest only loan options and the 125 loan
options are encouraging consumers to spend way
beyond their financial limitations. And there
is responsible for the creation and promotion
of these types of loans? The mortgage companies
are the creators and promoters. The increase in
the popularity of the interest only loan, and
the fact that it can be tied to so many different
loan products, make it one of the more popular
options in today's market; so popular, that it
has grown to a huge one quarter, or 25 percent,
of the entire market.
Are these mortgage companies requiring a smaller
down payment, maybe 5% or 10%? No, they aren’t
requiring any down payment. What message does
this send to the young consumer? Not a very good
one. You don't need to be a financial analyst
in order to determine that 0% down equates to
0% equity, in most situations. What does this
mean to the young homeowner? If there's no equity
in a home, there's no security in the home; there's
no encouragement to save, there's no encouragement
to plan.
If you begin to check with local lenders, and
traditional lending institutions you will find
a 20% down payment requirement is alive and well.
Many traditional lending institutions realize
what many mortgage companies seem to overlook:
a homeowner with no investment is a very risky
proposition. Something as important as your home,
should be worthy of personal investment.
So why are there huge gaps between mortgage companies
and traditional lending institutions? Traditional
lending institutions aren’t as interested in the
profit to be had for mortgages, as the mortgage
companies. Traditional lending institutions offer
a range of products to accommodate the consumer:
banking, commercial loans, and savings provide
other avenues of income for the traditional lender.
Mortgage companies, on the other hand, exist to
serve only the mortgage market. For that reason,
mortgage companies are willing to extend credit
without the required traditional down payment.
The mortgage companies have been very creative,
and we now have mortgage products to fit every
type of consumer. Many of these products are very
appealing to the young consumer, with very little
savings.
Most of these new mortgage products are designed
to appeal to the young borrower, but to date,
they are also appealing to older consumers. What
are some of the mortgage products available that
require zero down? The 1% interest loan, the interest
only loan, the 125 loan, and many of the balloon
note mortgage products require no money down.
The standard fixed rate mortgages and the adjustable
rate mortgages still were best if there is a down
payment of some amount, and very few are sold
without a down payment. Many of the standard loan
products still require a 510 or 20% down payment
and still offer a better interest rate. In requiring
a down payment, a mortgage lender accomplishes
two things: a cash security against the value
of the home and it requires the borrower to put
effort into acquiring the mortgage.
Lending Programs through the Government
Many years ago, many leaders in our government
realized the importance of homeownership and instituted
some programs to make that ownership a reality.
Not only is our home a shelter for our families,
and a good investment, it is a dream come true.
Until recently, for many individuals homeownership
would never be anything but a dream; thanks to
the creation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac more
individuals now own homes than ever before.
Since the origination of the Fannie Mae program,
and then the Freddie Mac, millions of families
have achieved homeownership through these government
programs. What exactly are Fannie Mae and Freddie
Mac? Let's take a few paragraphs in this article
to explain what they are and how they work.
Fannie Mae, also known as the Federal National
Mortgage Association, is a huge clearinghouse
for mortgage lenders to sell locally originated
mortgages and replenish their mortgage origination
funds. Upon creation of the Fannie Mae program
in 1938 the government proposed to oversee and
regulate the mortgage market and expand the flow
of mortgage money by creating a secondary market.
Freddie Mac, also known as the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation is a continuation and extension
of the Fannie Mae idea.
In order to truly understand how they work and
appreciate the depth upon which they work, you
must have a better understanding of the real estate
and mortgage market in the United States. Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac provide the primary market
lending companies with a secondary market in which
they can sell your mortgage, to a large clearinghouse.
Your mortgage loan originator is then able to
take the monies received from selling your mortgage,
and originate new mortgages. This keeps the cycle
of home ownership and investment a continual process.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are now private stockholder
corporations, but in the beginning they were government
subsidiaries. Now, they work closely with Congress
in order to provide support for homeownership
in rural housing, and rental housing. The private
stockholder that has ownership in Fannie Mae or
Freddie Mac is the average American, or average
investor such is you and I. So not only are we
the recipients of funding from Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac, we are also the investors in Freddie
Mac and Fannie Mae. Other than through private
stock investment (that comes from you and I) Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac issue mortgage backed securities;
these are offered in exchange for pools of mortgages
from lenders that you and I go to when seeking
the funding to purchase a home. These mortgage-backed
securities are issued to investors as a guarantee
that all investors will receive timely principal
and interest payments, irregardless of the status
of the mortgage; in return for this guarantee,
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac programs receive a
fee, and these fees serve as an additional source
of income for the programs.
How do Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac determine which
mortgages they will buy? Both organizations continually
set limits and guidelines that determine which
mortgages qualify and which do not. Jumbo and
super jumbo loans have not traditionally fallen
within the Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines;
FHA, VA and energy-efficient home mortgages generally
do. However, as the housing market continues to
climb, the Jumbo and Super-Jumbo loans may become
a part of the Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac programs.
Ultimately, the Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac programs
are designed to simply keep housing affordable
(and guaranteed) for the low, moderate, and middle
income citizens. The loan limits are adjusted
each year in order to keep up with fluctuating
housing prices, and in order to accommodate individuals
who may live in areas where housing can experience
tremendous increase. Thanks to the increase in
technology and Internet access, the process of
building, buying, or selling a home has become
faster, easier and less expensive.
What types of mortgages qualify for the Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac program? Today almost every
loan product available can be bought or sold under
the Fannie Mae of Freddie Mac programs; however,
the government is taking the initiative in reviewing
the stability of all the new and possibly unstable
loan products. Interest only loans, fixed-rate
mortgages, adjustable rate mortgages, 125s, even
some of the balloon notes are candidates for Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac. Lesser-known mortgage products
that also qualify for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
are the energy-efficient and renewable energy
mortgages; these mortgages encourage the homeowner
to incorporate energy-saving, renewable sources
for energy consumption and even possibly selling
some back to the utility companies. Other programs
less popular with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are
the community-based, lender partner programs in
existence to create products and technologies
that will reach underserved, low-income communities.
It is through programs such as this that Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac continue to foster the growth
of homeownership and the American Dream.
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